A person holds a sign reading “Bring them home now” during the March For Israel on the National Mall Nov. 14. Photo by Noam Galai/Getty Images

By Louis Keene January 16, 2024

In a dimly lit room somewhere in Khan Younis in Gaza, the soldiers laid their rifles down and sang.

The tune — somber, then climbing — was familiar. The words, centuries old but newly significant, articulated the soldiers’ sense of peril — and their hope.

They were singing “Acheinu” — a song you’ve probably heard even if you don’t know it. And IDF soldiers stationed in Gaza are hardly the only ones taking it up. Since Oct. 7, it has become something of a religious anthem for the Jewish world. Synagogues across the United States have added the tune to prayer services. It is a fixture at pro-Israel demonstrations. Thousands have swayed to it during prayers at the Western Wall. 

Abie Rotenberg, the Orthodox Jewish musician who wrote “Acheinu” some 35 years ago, doesn’t remember what exactly prompted him to sit down at the piano that day.

“Something must have been going on,” Rotenberg said. “Whether it was something going on in Israel, or in my community, or somebody who was sick or in danger, I remember being in a vulnerable state of mind.”

Rotenberg, who lives in Toronto, selected a passage from liturgy that fit his mood and set it to music in about an hour. It became the second track on his album, which was released shortly before the Gulf War. Rotenberg says he noticed it gaining popularity as people in Israel were buying gas masks, fearing chemical weapons attacks.

The song’s lyrics are built around 36 Hebrew words that ask God to save Jews in danger and captivity. They feel contemporary, but date back a full millennium:

Our brothers,​ the whole house of Israel, who are given over to trouble or captivity​, whether they abide on the sea or on land

May God have mercy upon them, and bring them forth from trouble to enlargement, from darkness to light, and from subjection to redemption, now speedily and at a near time. 

According to Rabbi Elie Kaunfer, chief executive of the Hadar Institute, the prayer “Acheinu” first appeared in a 12th-century French prayer book compiled by a student of Rashi.

But the passage could be older than that, and may not even originate in France. Kaunfer said “Acheinu” is also found in a prayer book that dates to the ninth century, but whose oldest known copy dates only to the 1400s. 

It was deployed in crisis long before the tune we know today was attached to it. Jews in 1938 Hamburg wrote their own prayer for captives after Kristallnacht, Kaunfer says, but they accompanied it with a standard: “Acheinu.”

“Jews have been being held captive throughout Jewish history,” Kaunfer said in an interview. “So there’s probably a lot of contexts to choose from.”

Today, the prayer — sans music — is read in Ashkenazi and Sephardic services alike as the Torah is put away on weekdays. And since the war began, many have made singing Rotenberg’s version a part of their regular observance.

At Congregation B’nai David-Judea, an Orthodox synagogue in Los Angeles, Rotenberg’s “Acheinu” is often sung before the Torah is put away on Shabbat.

Rabbi Yosef Kanefsky, the synagogue’s spiritual leader, said he chose it because it references the hostages directly, and musically, its soulful climax “packs a punch.”

But there was also a simpler reason, Kanefsky said: “People really know it.”

Still, Rotenberg has mixed feelings about the song’s wartime resonance. 

“I’m pleased that I wrote a song that gives people comfort,” he said. “And at the same time, it’s sad that we are going through a period of time where there are hostages and people suffering, and soldiers putting their lives on the line. I hope for better days when some other song I’ve written, with a happier theme, could be sung.”

A message from our CEO & publisher Rachel Fishman Feddersen

I hope you appreciated this article. Before you go, I’d like to ask you to please support the Forward’s award-winning, nonprofit journalism during this critical time.

The coming year promises to be filled with more complex and historic developments. We are entering an era where independent, fact-based Jewish journalism will be more important than ever. We need to be ready for whatever 2025 will bring, and with your help, we can be.

We’ve set a goal to raise $260,000 by December 31. That’s an ambitious goal, but one that will give us the resources we need to invest in the high quality news, opinion, analysis and cultural coverage that isn’t available anywhere else.

If you feel inspired to make an impact, now is the time to give something back. Join us as a member at your most generous level.

—  Rachel Fishman Feddersen, Publisher and CEO

With your support, we’ll be ready for whatever 2025 brings.

$36 $500

$120 $180 Other amount